DKA (Diabetic ketoacidosis)

-make sure not hypokalemic,  give k 1-2 hr after starting insulin
-hydration -- start immediately
-insulin -- .1u/kg infusion, then .1/kg/hr till you get to 250 mg/dL glucose.. then add 5% glucose D5 1/2 NS.

HHNS (hyperosmolar hypeglycemic nonketotic syndrome)

-1 L NS fluids in first hour, then 1 L NS over next 2 hours
-1/2 NS once patient is stable
-give D5 1/2 NS (add 5% glucose) once the glucose level is down to 250 mg/dL.
...> you dont want to lower glucose too fast as it can cause cerebral edema
-give Insuline 5-10 U bolus.  then 2-4U/hr