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Respiratory

Calculating Ventilation Rate

Sun, 08/23/2009 - 08:10 — saif

Ventilation Rate

 
There are different ways to express the rate a person is breathing. In respiratory physiology, these include Minute Ventilation and Alveolar Ventilation.

Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia

Mon, 08/17/2009 - 01:35 — saif

Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia

Cryptogenic Organizing pneumonia (COP) is also known as Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia. Using COP is preferred to avoid mixing up with brochiolitis obliterans. Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia is essentially inflammation of the bronchioles and also the surrounding tissue of the lungs. It is suspected that prior inflammatory conditions and certain drugs may cause COP. Although COP presents similar to pneumonia (such as the pneumoni

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Sun, 08/16/2009 - 04:48 — saif

Lung Volumes Definitions

Sat, 08/15/2009 - 23:11 — saif

Meanings of Lung Volumes and Capacities

  • Tidal Volume:  during each normal breath, this the volume of air that is inspired and expired.
  • Expiratory Reserve Voume:  after expiration of normal amount of air (in Tidal volume), this is the amount of air that can still be expired with more effort.
  • Inspiratory Reserve Volume:  similar to the expiratory reserve volume, this is the amount of air that can still be inspired with more effort (after taking in a normal breath of air&nbsp

Alveolar Epithelial Cells

Sat, 08/15/2009 - 04:59 — saif

Alveolar epithelial cells refers to Type I and Type II pneumocytes which make up an alveoli.  Type I cells compose more than 95% and are involved in gas exchange.  Type II cells make surfactant.

Respiratory H&P (history and physical)

Sat, 08/15/2009 - 04:07 — saif

Respiratory H&P

Reaspiratory Symptoms

1)      Cough:
a)      dry --> asthma, interstitial fibrosis

Lung Anatomy

Sat, 08/15/2009 - 03:44 — saif

Lung Anatomy

·        3 right lobes; 2 left lobes + lingula; 10 bronchopulm segments bilat w/i lobes
·        lobule – smallest gross anatomic compartment of lung (3-5 terminal bronchioles, 30 pulm acini)

Lung Embryology

Sat, 08/15/2009 - 03:43 — saif

Lung Embryology

  • LRT (lower respiratory tract) arises from laryngotracheal diverticulum.
  • Wk 24 – resp bronchi form, respiration is possible
  • Wk 29 – type II secrete surfactant (reaches adequate levels 2 wks before birth)
  • Trachea – C-shaped cartilage
  • Left bronchus longer

Type I Pneumocytes

Sat, 08/15/2009 - 03:36 — saif

Type I pneumocytes are flat squamous cells of alveoli that are used for gas exchange.  They cover most (more than 95%) of the surface area of an aveoli.

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