ATP & ADP:
ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)
-composed of:
- Base (adenine)
- Ribose
- 3 phophoryls
- 2 phosphoanhydride bonds
- 7 kcal/mol each
Aerobic metabolism of glucose —> 38 ATP (malate shuttle)
—> 36 ATP (G3P shuttle)
Anaerobic glycolysis –> 2 net ATP per glucose molecule
ATP can be used as energy to drive energetically unfavorable reactions.
ADP has one less phophoryl group (and has less energy than ATP).